The Great Gatsby A Social Satire Essay - 1276 Words

The Great Gatsby can be regarded as a social satire and an observation of The American Dream The Great Gatsby is observed as a social satire of the United States in the roaring twenties, where Fitzgerald exposes the American Dream as a flawed fantasy merely generated by over-indulgence. America was established in the conception of equality, where any individual could have equal opportunities and success on the substratum of their abilities and effort, which can be described as the American Dream. The former president Abraham Lincoln confirmed this surmise, as he himself was an impoverished, disadvantaged little boy who became president through his efforts. The Great Gatsby is set in the twenties, which was a period of†¦show more content†¦Therefore, this observation proves that no amount of wealth or power can upraise him into the social circle of the Buchanans. As affluence and success propagated among people, there was an expanding loss of ethics as it was replaced by social rankings and materialism. The elite group of Gatsby’s time distorted their own moral values in order to gain worldly possessions. Tom, a man from an extremely wealthy background, is an example of a character that obviously does not have an ounce of moral ethics. His character is described as a metaphor by his physical appearance as having â€Å"a hard mouth with arrogant eyes and a speaking voice with a gruff husky tenor, which added to the impression of fractiousness he conveyed.(pg.7)† The lack of moral ethics caused people to rely on their possessions and material comforts to give them immediate pleasure. Daisy demonstrates this in her struggle to occupy herself as she says â€Å"what will we do with ourselves this afternoon, and the next thirty years†. This shows that the society in Gatsby’s time rely on material wealth and social standi ngs for contentment and virtually do not have a purpose in life as materialism jeopardizes their goals. Through the novel, we become aware of the failure of the American Dream through the behavior and moral values portrayed by the society. Although theShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1621 Words   |  7 PagesThe 1920s were a time in American history that profoundly depicted social inequality, immorality, superficiality, and unrest. During this time period, the iconic story of F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby, was written and published. In this revolutionary novel, F. Scott Fitzgerald revisits his fascinating childhood in a more fictitious manner. The Great Gatsby describes and details the life of a young man from Minnesota, known as Nick Carraway, who moves to New York after World War 1 during theRead MoreLove story vs Satire827 Words   |  4 PagesAP  Literature  and  Composition  Ã‚   Ms.  Harrison   27  November  2014   Is  Fitzgerald  writing  a  love  story  that  embraces  American  ideals,  or  a  satire  that  comments  on   American  ideals?   Love  Story  vs.  Satire     At  the  surface  of  this  novel  it’s  an  ongoing  love  story  but  when  you  peel  away  at  the   layers  it  is  actually  a  satire  of  society’s  expectations.  The  novel  The  Great  Gatsby  by  F.  Scott   Fitzgerald  was  written  to  criticize  the  American  dream  of  the  1920s  through  love  affairs,and   corrupted  ambitions.   Read MoreExamples Of The American Dream In The Great Gatsby1227 Words   |  5 PagesTrey Orosco Mrs. Russell IB English 17 November 2017 The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote The Great Gatsby as a satire on American ideals during the 1920s. He shows just how careless everyone is at the time by setting them up in the community of East and West Egg. Fitzgerald portrays two major themes throughout the book. One of the themes is how The American dream is corrupted by the desire for wealth while the other is how The achievement of a dream may be less satisfying than the pursuitRead MoreThe Great Gatsby Satire Analysis1056 Words   |  5 PagesAuthors use satire to bring the reader’s attention to various aspects of a society by illustrating the ridiculous and criticizing the evils he/she sees within it. Throughout The Great Gatsby, Francis Scott Fitzgerald criticizes the classes of the 1920s, who had so much money they could get away with adultery and murder without consequences. Nearly all the characters in The Great Gatsby are motivated by love and desire. Fitzgerald argues that the way the characters approach love and desir e is problematicRead MoreThe great Gatsby is too concerned with conveying a picture of 1920’s American society to have relevance to modern readers.1129 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿The great Gatsby is too concerned with conveying a picture of 1920’s American society to have relevance to modern readers. With reference to appropriately selected parts of the novel and relevant contextual information on both today’s society and society in the 1920’s, give your response to the above view.† As a heavily contextual literary piece, the great Gatsby written by F. Scott Fitzgerald is regarded as one of the greatest pieces of modern American literature of all time. The book as achievedRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1101 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish 1302 Paper #7 The Great Gatsby 7 May 2015 American Dream Realities In the novel â€Å"The Great Gatsby† by F. Scott Fitzgerald, the story of a man named Jay Gatsby is told through the perspective of Nick Carraway. Gatsby had a special plan for what he thought his life should consist of, and stopped at nothing to make sure that he rose above his poor roots into a wealthy, socially admirable status. With hopes of winning over the heart of his former lover, Daisy Buchanan, Gatsby took every measure heRead MoreThe Roaring Twenties By F. Scott Fitzgerald860 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Jazz Age† Fitzgerald wrote, â€Å"It was an age of miracles, it was an age of art, it was an age of excess, and it was an age of satire to describe the movement. In his writings Fitzgerald revealed the negative side of the 1920’s happiness and freedom. On April 10, 1925 Fitzgerald published The Great Gatsby, the book that became his literary legacy. The Great Gatsby is said to be one of the essential Jazz Age documents; the work most commonly considere d an accurate reflection of American lifeRead Moreâ€Å"the Jazz Age† and F. Scott Fitzgerald1095 Words   |  5 Pagesof excess, and it was an age of satire.† (â€Å"Fitzgerald: The Jazz Age† p. 3). As the 1920s began, the old, conservative ways of life began to disintegrate. A new era was just beginning. This era is called â€Å"The Jazz Age.† The Great Gatsby, a literary masterpiece written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, the social historian of the 1920s, directly reflects the virtues, materialism, and revolutionary nature of this new â€Å"Jazz Age.† F. Scott Fitzgerald is known as the social historian of the time he himselfRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1704 Words   |  7 PagesFitzgerald illustrates class structure in the book The Great Gatsby through the different characters in different social classes. Fitzgerald gives settings that correspond with the social classes of the characters to better illustrate what environment he placed each character in. The Buchanan’s, Gatsby, and the Wilsons are examples of the different conflicting social classes Fitzgerald lays out for his readers. Rosanne Tomyn in the article, Changes in Social Class in America in the 1920s, States â€Å"the UnitedRead MoreThe Ending of the American Dream1200 Words   |  5 Pages20th century. The indication of success soon became focused on wealth and luxury. The Great Gatsby is a story focused on the deterioration of the American dream. Throughout the novel, Jay Gatsby is shown with a desire to achieve his dream by all means. Utilizing the Roaring Twenties as part of his satire, Fitzgerald criticizes the values of the American dream, and the effects of materialism on one’s dream. Gatsby can be characterized as being ignorant. He assumes that wealth and possession equates

Swot Analysis Strategic Management - 1390 Words

Context Analysis Strategic management is an important part of business planning. It helps create strategies for better performance, profit, and future success. Analysis of both internal and external factors is vital for a company’s proper growth. Culture, the perspectives of the company’s employees, managers, owners and clientele, and the structural and environmental elements that effect the operation of the business are all examined in the strategic management process. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how to analyze a company’s strategic management process by examining a privately owned, small and local business. SWOT One of the best ways to analyze the management process of a business is through the SWOT analysis. â€Å"The SWOT†¦show more content†¦Employee Madison Rowland in her interview commented, â€Å"We have homemade products (such as ice cream) and serve more than just snowballs (Rowland, 2015).† Unlike the typical snowball stand who typically sells only snowballs, this business serves malts, shakes, nachos, the usual snowballs, stuffed snowballs, and homemade products such as their ice cream and fruit bars. The food they serve is also of excellent quality and is never rushed in the making. Whereas the majority of stands who are seasonal and only open during the summer, Just Chillin is open all year round and is the only snowball stand in the area that is. They have quite the reputation for their service and products. Customers have been known to come from 30 or 40 minutes away for their snowballs and ice cream. They are said to be the best snowball stand on the Northshore and even have indoor and covered outdoor seating to better accommodate their customers. Weaknesses The next factor is weaknesses. Quite a few times, weaknesses are merely â€Å"the flipside of a strength (SWOT Analysis, 1990-2010).† For instance, a reputation for quality is usually accompanied by a reputation for high prices. Unlike its competitors, Just Chillin has indoor and covered outdoor seating which was earlier considered a strength. However, sometimes they do not have enough to accommodate all of their customers. In which case, thanks to this age where consumersShow MoreRelatedSwots: Strategic Management and Swot Analysis10122 Words   |  41 Pages SWOT usage SWOT has been used by countless practitioners, marketing researchers, and is a frequent and popular tool for business marketing and strategy students. Its simplicity and catchy acronym perpetuates its usage in business and beyond as the tool is used to assess alternatives and complex decision situations. In the business arena the grouping of internal and external issues is a frequent starting point for strategic planning. It can be constructed quickly and can benefit from multiple viewpointsRead MoreSwots: Strategic Management and Swot Analysis10111 Words   |  41 Pages SWOT usage SWOT has been used by countless practitioners, marketing researchers, and is a frequent and popular tool for business marketing and strategy students. Its simplicity and catchy acronym perpetuates its usage in business and beyond as the tool is used to assess alternatives and complex decision situations. In the business arena the grouping of internal and external issues is a frequent starting point for strategic planning. It can be constructed quickly and can benefit from multiple viewpointsRead MoreStrategic Management and Swot Analysis1633 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Amongst all the novelties, trends, and fashions appearing in the field of strategic management during the last decades, the SWOT analysis, standing for: strengths, weaknesses opportunities, and threats has enjoyed a long lasting popularity among both practitioners and researchers.  The purpose of this essay is to demonstrate that SWOT analysis can be used for both businesses and individuals. In the 60s swot analysis was invented at the Harvard business School for the purpose of analysing caseRead MoreSwot Analysis : Strategic Management1585 Words   |  7 PagesStrategic Management is a set of upper level management decisions and actions that will determines the long term objectives and performance of a corporation. It accomplishes this task by including a variety of tools and analysis techniques, which will implement, evaluate and control the general direction of a company. This is done through strategy formulation which begins with a situational analysis that emphasizes the monitoring and evaluating of external opportunities and threats in light of aRead MoreSwot Analysis : Strategic Management1152 Words   |  5 PagesStrategic management is an approach to help leaders forecast the direction of their organization. This approach helps organizational leaders gauge the quality of its services, products, and/or internal systems by performing internal and external audits . These audits help leaders identify the internal strengths and weakness, and the external threats and opportunities (SWOT) within a given market. This analytic framework helps leaders forecast contingencies and help leaders develop strategies toRead MoreSwot Analysis : Strategic Management Essay1152 Words   |  5 PagesThe term strategic management refers to the recognition and portrayal of the strategies that are pursued by the managers for the achievement of better performance goals and having a competitive advantage. To determine if an organisation has a competitive advantage, its profitability should be focused and analysed if it the measure if above average of all the businesses in the industry. The decisions taken by the management committee of the organization and the acts to decide the outcomes of the business’sRead MoreSwot Analysis : Strategic Management1547 Words   |  7 PagesPESTEL analysis is a tool or framework for marketers. It is very effective when se eking to analyze and screen the external marketing environment of the company. Strategic management tool gauges the macro environmental factors. It is prudent to follow PESTEL framework since different macro-environmental factors can affect a business strategy. PESTEL framework are interdependent of each other, they are dependent factors. Understanding PESTEL is critical prior to entry into a new country. The factRead MoreSwot Analysis : Organizational Strategic Management1744 Words   |  7 Pages SWOT Analysis: Organizational Strategic Management Calvin McLemore St. Thomas University, Miami, FL May 27, 2017 Introduction For this is a SWOT Analysis, this author chose to explore the international retailer IKEA. This organization was chosen because of the emphasis on globalization, international interests and overall functionality of the products. Crandall, Parnell, and Spillan (2013) states that a SWOT Analysis is â€Å"based on a systematic, comprehensive analysis of internalRead MoreCango: Strategic Management and Swot Analysis1501 Words   |  7 Pagesmeetings. We prepared a SWOT analysis to show what the company needs to improve on and what the company can expect in the future. According to Jaja Suteja (2003) â€Å"The SWOT analysis provides information that is helpful in matching the firm s resources and a capability to the competitive environment in which it operates. As such, it is instrumental in strategy formulation and selection. A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning process. EnvironmentalRead MoreSwot Analysis : Strategic Planning And Management Essay1304 Words   |  6 PagesCHAPTER IX STRENGTHS, WEAKNESSES, OPPORTUNITIES, AND THREATS ANALYSIS Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats of a particular business venture are the four elements that is being evaluated in the SWOT Analysis. It is a planning method that is usually carried out by a company or organization specifying the objective of the business and identifying internal strengths and weaknesses plus external opportunities and threats that are both favorable and unfavorable to attain that certain objective

Can built form influence social problems Free Essays

string(47) " entering or leaving their estates† \(A\." The concept of social problems is linked to a wide spectrum of contrasting definitions. Jerome G Monis defines it as â€Å"these social conditions identified by scientific enquiry and values as detrimental to human well-being†. On the other hand Malcom Spector and Jon I Kitsuse defined them as â€Å"the activities of individuals or groups making assertion of grievance and claims with respect to some putative conditions†. We will write a custom essay sample on Can built form influence social problems? or any similar topic only for you Order Now (http://syg2010-01.fa04.fsu.edu/Week_1.htm) Taking into consideration the different approaches to this debate the point that the main reason for people’s behaviour is physical form can be argued. Urban form can be seen as one of the reason for social behaviour but to deny the influence of social, economical and political factors is to simplify the complexity of society and the different relationships within it. In any case both arguments will always be episodes in the long saga of traditional controversy. Social problems have been divided into 3 groups by Kenneth C Land (www.soc.duke.edu): Deviant behaviour, including drug and alcohol abuse, mental illness, crime and violence. Social inequality and conflict including aging, the ederly, racial and ethnics relations, the sexes and gender inequality, poverty and economic inequality and homelessness. Finally, human groups and social change which include the changes in the economy and workplace. The social problems that can be correlated directly to urban form are seen as the one under the social inequality category and antisocial behaviour. The line of thought that establishes that the built form influences directly to social problems has been named architectural determinism and assume that the layout and form of physical environment would shape, even determine the quality of social life. During the period following the Second World War the architects of the Bauhaus and architects such as Le Corbusier thought that they were in a position to alter society for the better through the medium of physical design. By design we understand the design of a whole town as well as the design of relatively small scale units. Maurice Broady described this as â€Å"the architects who builds a house or design a site plan who decides where the roads will and will not go and who decides which directions the houses will face and how close together they will be, also is, to a large extent, deciding the pattern of social life among the people who will live in these houses. It asserts that architectural design has a direct and determinate effect on the way people behave† ( Maurice Broady 1968 cited in Taylor, N, 1998). The case of the Business Academy located on Bexley and designed by Norman Foster can be an example of how a radical project has changed students behaviour towards education. Very different to the 1960’s building where students use to attend lessons, the Academy is an open-plan where lessons are carried out in alcoves and where no division of spaces have been created. The Business Academy has been seen as a success where â€Å"the proportion of children at school achieving five good grades at GCSE has leapt from just 6% to 36%† (www.channel4.com/culture/microsites/b/building/shortlist.htm). The results of this achievement could change the life style of the generation of students attending lessons in the building. The improvement of the education can bring a change for better work opportunities for the students and at the same time will have an impact on the perception of one of London’s most deprived areas. A building can also change the perception of the character of a city. Frank Gehry’s Guggenheim Museum transformed Bilbao from an industrial Spanish Basque region to an international tourist destination. But is this, just the building form, which has made the difference? To resume the success of some enterprises or the failure of others in physical terms is to simplify the complexity of society. We can attribute the achievement of the Norman Fosters’ project to the conjunction of a different kind of built environment, when compared with more traditional educative centres, and the introduction of new and innovative educational techniques. On the other hand the fact that such an important architect has designed a revolutionary building to be used as a school can have changed people’s perception about education. It has built a sense of identity among the pupils and indirectly has lead them to improve their performance. On the other hand Guggenheim Museum has demonstrated the importance of power and identity. It has been part of the political strategy from an elite in order to change the image of one of the most problematic niches of nationalism in Spain, that is Bilbao. It does not only offer an optimistic view of the city but it also can be seen as the attempt of internationalisation of the Spanish culture after the cultural archaism of Francoism. It involves a tourist campaign which had the objective of promoting the city and radical regeneration projects which have improved the services and have transformed the vision of the city. Consequently, built form is only a minor reason for the development of social problems. Social problems find causes in social conditions. Giddens argues that â€Å"everyday lives are, of course, influenced, reproduced and changed by structures of social, economical and political power† (Giddens cited in Dickens 1990, pg 3) and it is extremely difficult to generalise about these affects. Physical space is socially constructed by people’s perceptions. What Giddens calls Locales are spaces which â€Å"are indeed usually socially specified for some kinds of activities. Locales carry social meanings and symbols which are widely accepted and which considerably affect social relations† (Giddens cited in Dickens 1990, pg5). They affect how people interpret their own and people’s circumstances. Physical space is socially constructed. There is a socially constructed perception in Britain about areas characterised by high, concrete, block of flats. This kind of housing has always been associated with high levels of graffiti, vandalism and litter. Alice Coleman argues â€Å"that vandalism take place in zones where residents are unable to keep a watch over who is entering or leaving their estates† (A. You read "Can built form influence social problems?" in category "Papers" Coleman, 1985, pg158). They are seen as impersonal, stratified dwellings and undesiderable places to live. Crime, antisocial behaviour, unemployment, poverty and inequality are seen as distinctive features of these places. But factors such as poor services, no good transport links, authority government tenure and the meeting of several marginalised groups suffering from what Durkheim called anomya â€Å"condition or malaise in individuals, characterized by an absence or diminution of standards or values, and an associated feeling of aliena tion and purposeneless† (www.free-definition.com/Anomie.html) are very relevant when considering the main reasons for this kind of problem. People who are not satisfied with society, who have not got the same access to commodities than the major part of the population and that experience from the indifference of institutions, which are characterised by low skill occupations, family disorganisation, poverty, illiteracy and racism suffers are grouped in this kind of residential development which are cheap to build and can accommodate a large number of people in minimal space. These people are the product of â€Å"exacerbation of a logic of economic and racist exclusion† (Savage, Warden Ward, 2003, pg76). Again we can argue here whether the physical environment is the reason for these problems and again a new example contradicts the simplicity of the architectural determinism discourse. Spain, as almost all European cities is flat based. Almost 80% of the population in Spain live in flats. People in Spain have been brought up living in high density block of flats. The perception of people about living in this kind of housing is completely different to the British one. Being the common norm between the population it does not lead to any of the social problems described above. They are not associated to vandalism and poor quality accommodation. They are the standard residential housing where people live. The areas where vulnerable groups live are characterised by poor links of transport, no easy access to schools, located on the outskirts of the city and who residents are immigrants or part of a minor ethnic group. They are tenure tenants that lack sense of identity with the place where they live, lack of resources and are victims of some conditions that are made difficult to improve their situation. The areas where they live are characterised by the use of cheap materials and an even higher density than in other areas. Families live in small flats where they have to share rooms. The combination of all this features, together with the difficulties to establish zones of autonomy and self management is what, in Spain, generate major social problems and no the fact that people live in this type of housing. Even the new theories which aim to explain social change and society within the context of postmodernity claim that the city will evolve as mean of facilitating interpersonal communication â€Å"Although individuals live in a particular place and participate in community life in and around that place, it is interaction and not place that is the essence of life† (Clark, 2003, pg 139). Once again the importance of predominant social conditions over physical form are highlighted in order to understand the future of the cities or urban form and consequently its social costs. The global village is the sociological destination of the city. The power of media will spread urban values. Information, and no physical design, is being the basis for an explanation of the present and future society and of people way of living and behaviours. Information is the leviathan that will lead future changes and policies. Practically speaking in planning grounds, the future of the city is called â€Å"compact city† and will be the fruit of an urban renaissance supported by governments and elite groups. In its July 12 Spending Review the government announced â€Å"a 50% increase in new social house building†¦an extra 10,000 homes a year†¦and further plans to increase housing supply and improved affordability by funding the Sustainable Communities Plan to deliver 200,000 additional homes in the Thames Gateway and other growth areas† (http://global.factiva.com/en/arch/print-results.asp). The government has named this project urban renaissance and it involves the better use of buildings within developed land to accommodate about 3.8 million new households between 1996 and 2021 and to do this the government â€Å"supports the idea of the ‘compact city’, that is a higher density, mixed use development on brownfield land close to public transport nodes† (Burton, 2002, pg 537). This encouraged urban renaissance will imply the adoption of high density constructions in order to satisfy the demand for new housing at minimal environmental costs and this means a high proportion of apartments and terrace houses. The benefits will be â€Å"the conservation of the countryside, less need to travel by car, thus reduced fuel emissions, support for public transport and walking and cycling, better access to services and facilities, more efficient utility and infrastructure provision and revitalisation and regeneration of inner urban areas† (Burton, 2002, pg 538). But which will be the social problems attributed to this new concept of housing form? According to Elisabeth Burton, nine social problems have been seen by population as are related to compactness (Burton, 2002, pg 547-548): * access to superstores * access to green open space * public transport use * extent of walking and cycling * amount of domestic living space * death rate from mental illness * crime * social segregation * death rate for respiratory disease. Again we can argue that although some of the social problems can be seen as a product of this kind of development they are not directly correlated to built form. The invocation of the high-rise horrors of post war urban Britain and the congested squalor of Victorian Britain is where Bowers see the root of this apprehension (Bowers cited in Jenks, Burton and Williams, 1996). For example the difficult access to services may find is cause in the increase in number of users within an area but may also be seen as lack of appropriate infrastructure and therefore a failure in developer and government’s attempt of offering the necessary infrastructure for a new development. On the other hand, why does it promote crime and social segregation or how can it be associated to mental illness? When people live in close proximity they are more aware of the existence of neighbours and there are more opportunities to informally interact with your neighbours. The relationship between people living within flats is less gregarious. It also provides casual surveillance and respect for property. For designers and housing providers seeking to promote social equity, and according to the research developed by Elisabeth Burton, higher-density housing such apartments and terraces are the best form of housing, â€Å"especially if they are developed on derelict land in areas where there are plenty of locally-provided services and facilities† (Burton, 2002, pg 558). The extent to which built form influences social problems has therefore been seen as very limited. The confluence of several economic, social, political and environmental reasons results in the creation of social problems. In addition, the weight of the importance of the built form, when taking into consideration the different social problems, tend to change from one country to another depending on the perception of the different kind of built form by the population. This perception will always be shaped according to the culture and socialization the individual has experienced. What in some countries is seen as undesiderable form of housing in others is the common norm. In Britain â€Å"compact city† has been proved to be the best option for future urban development if sustainable reasons are taking into account. The promotion of places that make efficient use of available space and environmental resources will lead to the adoption of high-density development. This residential housing has been seen through history as a reason for the emergence of social problems and people associate this type of built environment to vandalism, crime and social inequality. The introduction of this new model into planning practice will need to be seen together with changes in the population mentality and will meet several difficulties when confronting well rooted ways of thinking. People will have to be educated to accept the change. It will not create additional social problems if it incorporates features that improve people’s quality of life like high standard local services and an easy reach of a range of facilities. This new concept of built form will generate debates and modification in people’s constructed reality before being able to be generally accepted, a shift in people’s attitudes towards the new form of housing. It needs to be an attractive option and it will involve action and investment from government and agencies in order to disassociate false presumptions about this kind of built form. How to cite Can built form influence social problems?, Papers

System Documentation and Risk Analysis

Question: Discuss about the System Documentation and Risk Analysis. Answer: Introduction Even if an organisation is making a profit, it needs to manage its cash flows optimally in order to be successful in the long run. Cash management is centred on managing cash in a manner that the generally accepted goals of the company utmost profitability with utmost liquidity are achieved. The current paper revolves around JK Saddlery a maker and seller of saddlery. The report evaluates the manner in which the companys processes take place. Level 0 (logical) DFD for JK Saddlery A logical data flow diagram depicts how the company operates and its processes represent the business activities. This diagram is helpful in determining what information the system is receiving and what it is sending out. The manner in which the business processes interact with other processes is also identified through this diagram. A software named Computer Aided Software Engineering is usually deployed to draft the DFD. The use of CASE has several inherent benefits such as the implementation of non-standard information for each part of the diagram etc. (Arlbjorn, 2010) JK Saddlerys Logical DFD is illustrated below: Figure 1: Level 0 (logical) DFD Structured Narrative Table No. Entity Input Process Output 1 Cashier Sales order Yes/no 2 Cashier Stock ID Information check Yes/no 3 Cashier Bill number Bill Generation Credit or cash 4 Account receivable Cheque Depositing cheque in bank Entries Context Diagram Figure 2: Context Diagram Process Map A process map is essentially the visual explanation of the direction in which a processs activities flow. A process map basically contains a flow chart of the organisations main processes. When one reads a process map it should be from left to right or top to bottom and efforts should be made to minimise the reverse flow of the arrows so that the readers do not face any confusion (Damelio, 2016). The process map of JK Saddlery which is provided below seeks to offer a comprehensive overview of its operations and processes to determine improvements wherever there are bottlenecks. Figure 3: Process Map Assumptions made: The company carries out both physical sales through its retail shop and online sales through its website. JK Saddlerys main operations involve sales order request, completing the sales order, receipt of payment, management of cash and bank deposit. In online sales, the sales order is received on the website and immediately provided to the client. Payment made through credit cards by online customers is received directly in the bank account. Data Flow Diagrams Analysis The above figures demonstrate that when an order is placed by a buyer, the salesperson conveys this information to the cashier in the shop. Online orders are also communicated to the cashier. This is followed by preparation of sales order by the salesperson which contains the details of the product and takes it to the cashier for its final completion. The flow charts make it evident that the process flow is through the cashier to the management. Conclusion The above diagrams provide an overview of the processes and activities of JK Saddlery and it can be concluded that the company has a very basic system set-up and involves the main role of the cashier. References Arlbjorn, S. J., 2010. Business Process Optimization. Academica. Damelio, R., 2016. The Basics of Process Mapping. 2nd ed. CRC Press.